New Paradigms for Bible Study

The eighteenth and nineteenth centuries provided a number of new paradigms for reading the Bible that challenged the then prevailing literal or allegorical model of reading the Bible. This new biblical criticism, whose influence has fostered common ways of talking about readings of Scripture, demonstrated the ways that the biblical texts were pastiches of literary sources and forms, often edited by later hands to form the biblical book now in the canon. In the late twentieth century, the number of methods for reading the Bible proliferated and by the end of the century there were almost as many models for reading Scripture as there were readers of Scripture. These models arose mostly out of literary criticism of the Bible and thus there were a variety of deconstructionist readings that focused closely on the text, as well as rhetorical readings that focused on literary forms of particular units of Scripture. The greatest difference between biblical criticism in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and the criticism of the late twentieth century was the latter's increasing focus on politics and historicism. Thus, in the last decades of the twentieth century, feminist criticism, postcolonial criticism, and new historicism became models of reading Scripture. The editors have gathered essays by a number of internationally recognized scholars, ranging from evangelical biblical critics to postmodern biblical critics, who explore a variety of models for reading the Bible in the Third Millennium.